IRAN – JOINT COMPREHENSIVE PLAN OF ACTION

JOINT COMPREHENSIVE PLAN OF ACTION : WILL THE PACIFIC TRANSITION OF IRAN OPEN NEW ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIPS ?

Author: Elisa Mariani

Translated by Matteo Aristei

October 2016

The joint comprehensive Plan of action was born in July 2015, and represents the crowning of the joint Plan of action, that is a provisional agreement made in November 2013 by Iran, countries of UN Security Council ( China, United Kingdom, Russia, France, United States ), Germany and the rest of EU .

Such agreement concerns the use of Iranian nuclear power for pacific aims . In order to enjoy full rights for the use, Iran undertakes to not produce nuclear weapon, accept positively and implement all the measures requested by the UN Security Council; this measures must be monitored by a joint Commission and by the International atomic energy agency ( IAEA ).

Since 2006, the UN Security Council puts pressure on Iran in order to block their policies on nuclear power and especially the one on the production of Uranium, also through the limitation
of the trade of dual-use goods, goods that can be used both for civil and military aims . After the refusal of Theran in 2012, that was the refusal of accepting favourably the visit of the UN delegation which had to monitor the military establishment of Parchin after 20th September 2015, the turning point was in January 2016, when the IAEA declared that the Iranian Government accepted and started to take the progress requested in the military field .

In fact, Theran is respecting the agreement which provides for the diminution of two third of centrifuges for the uranium enrichment, the maintenance of this fell under the 3,67 % for the next 15 years and Iran reduced the uranium supply . In this respect Iran has maintained the promise to not give the green light to the construction of new buildings for the uranium enrichment and to convert the buildings of Arak and Fordo that are used so far for the the production of plutonium and uranium for military aims, respectively in centres of radioisotope creation for medical aims and research buildings .

The other news is represented by the consensus of Iran for the regular inspection of IAEA in the nuclear sites of the country such as Natanz, where important measures have been taken in order to control the uranium enrichment, including the disposal of new generation centrifuges .

In the last 16th January ( date called implementation day ), this permitted the diminution of the national and international restriction on the import and export of some products such as oil and its derivatives, hydrocarbon, all the instruments for the production of such substances and finally raw material such as metals and diamonds . Despite this, all the stops to the trading of instruments for the construction nuclear weapon in the Iranian territory are in force .

Through the visit of April by the EU High Representative for foreign affairs and security policy Federica Mogherini, the European Union wanted to reiterate its own intention of a creation of a partnership with Iran in mutual interest matters such as environment, economy, energy, migration and humanitarian matters . Italy contributes to this project too, with a financing of 5 billion Euros, that are provided by insurance services of credits for companies and banks together with Cdp s.p.a. ( Deposit and Consignment Office ), allowing in this way our country to have a relevant position in the partnership with Iran .

However, after the agreement of January, the Iranian diplomatic relationships are still tense, especially with United States because of the taxes imposed by the American government that are still in force, and they concern the presumed Iranian military support to the Shiite organization in Lebanon, Syria and Yemen, and for the tests on ballistic missile ; Iran said that has made these tests exclusively for defensive purposes . Such measures obstacle the financial transitions between the two countries and with Europe, since the economical relevance of US empire at national level .

But tension haven’t prevented Italy from basing for an ever more greater cooperation with Iran, as the Business Forum Italy – Iran ( that took place in Rome in January ) confirms . This cooperation has seen ratification of contracts of 17 billion Euros and the the comparison between entrepreneurs of the two countries on trade opportunities in vitally important sectors such as infrastructure, petrochemical and the industrial sector .

The event availed of the participation of the President of Confindustria, Ministers of infrastructure of both countries and Italian ministers of economic development and Agriculture . To give substance to this common project, in the last 8th and 9th February, was created a delegation composed by the undersecretary of foreign affairs, Confindustria, Ministers Del Rio and Martina, together with 130 Italian companies, and it had a mission in Iran in order to define investment programs in the country for the following years .

ARTICLE SOURCES OF ‘ JOINT COMPREHENSIVE PLAN OF ACTION : WILL THE PACIFIC TRANSITION OF IRAN OPEN NEW ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIPS ?’

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